MMR Designs

Beadwork Designs, Jewelry, Stringing, Cords, Tools, Kits – Everything For Your Beading

Cord Thread

Imaging Technology Restores Damaged Madhva Text

Scientists who worked on the Archimedes Palimpsest are using modern imaging technologies to digitally restore a 700-year-old Vaishnava palm-leaf manuscript. The project, led by P.R. Mukund and Roger L. Easton Jr., professors at Rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, New York, will digitally preserve the original writings known as the Sarvamoola-granthas, attributed to the scholarly preceptor Sripada Madhvacharya (1238-1317). The collection of 36 works contains his Sanskrit commentaries on sacred scriptures and conveys an exposition of his philosophical system (popularly known as Dvaita Vedanta, to emphasize its departure from Sripada Sankaracharya's earlier system of Advaita Vedanta).

The document is difficult to handle and to read, the result of centuries of inappropriate storage techniques, botched preservation efforts and degradation due to improper handling. Each leaf of the manuscript measures 26 inches long and two inches wide (66cm X 5cm), and is bound together with braided cord threaded through two holes. Heavy wooden covers sandwich the 340 palm leaves, cracked and chipped at the edges. Time and a misguided application of oil have aged the palm leaves dark brown, obscuring the Sanskrit writings.

It is literally crumbling to dust, says Mukund, the Gleason Professor of Electrical Engineering at RIT. According to Mukund, 15 percent of the manuscript is missing. The book will never be opened again, unless there is a compelling reason to do so, Mukund says, because every time they do, they lose some. After this, there won't be a need to open the book.

Mukund first became involved with the project when his spiritual teacher in India brought the problem to his attention and urged him to find a solution. This became a personal goal for Mukund, who studies and teaches sanatan-dharma and understood the importance of preserving the document for future scholars. The accuracy of existing printed copies of the Sarvamoola-granthas is unknown.

Mukund sought the expertise of RIT colleague Easton, who had imaged the Dead Sea Scrolls and is currently working on the Archimedes Palimpsest. Easton, a professor at RIT Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, brought in Keith Knox, an imaging senior scientist at Boeing LTS, as a consultant. Mukund added Ajay Pasupuleti, a doctoral candidate in microsystems at RIT, and the team was formed.

The scientists traveled to India in December 2005 to assess the document stored at a monastery-like matha in Udupi, India. Sponsored by a grant from RIT, the team returned to the monastery in June and spent six days imaging the document using a scientific digital camera and an infrared filter to enhance the contrast between the ink and the palm leaf. Images of each palm leaf, back and front, were captured in eight to ten sections, then processed and digitally stitched together.

"The imaging is fairly straightforward," said Easton. The leaves, or what remained of them, were laid out on a movable tabletop. Like an assembly line worker, Pasupuleti spent hours a day advancing the tabletop a short distance, taking a picture and then repeating the process. Each image covered a two-inch (5cm X 5cm) square of leaf. The summer was spent digitally stitching the 7,900 images together - work overseen in large part by Knox, using various image-processing algorithms using Adobe Photoshop and Knox's custom software.

This is a very significant application of the same types of tools that we have used on the Archimedes Palimpsest, Easton says. Not incidentally, this also has been one of the most enjoyable projects in my career, since the results will be of great interest to a large number of people in India.

The processed images of the Sarvamoola-granthas will be stored in a variety of media formats, including electronically, in published books and on silicon wafers for long-term preservation. Etching the sacred writings on silicon wafers was the idea of Mukund's student Pasupuleti. The process, called aluminum metallization, transfers an image to a wafer by creating a negative of the image and depositing metal on the silicon surface. According to Pasupuleti, each wafer can hold the image of three leaves. More than a hundred such wafers will be needed to store the entire manuscript. As an archival material, silicon wafers are both fireproof and waterproof, and are readable with the use of a magnifying glass.

Mukund and Pasupuleti will return to India at the end of November to give printed and electronic versions of the Sarvamoola-granthas to the monastery in Udupi in a public ceremony in Bangalore, the largest city in the Karnataka region. We feel we were blessed to have this opportunity to do this, Mukund says. It was a fantastic and profoundly spiritual experience, and we all came away cleansed.

Based on the success of this project, Mukund is seeking funding to image other Dvaita-sampradaya Vaishnava manuscripts in the Udupi region written since the time of Sripada Madhvacharya. He estimates the existence of approximately 800 palm leaf manuscripts, some of which are in private collections.

CAPTION:

Each palm leaf of the sacred manuscript, the Sarvamoola-granthas, was captured in multiple sections, processed and digitally stitched together. The somewhat blurred image shows the condition of an original leaf from the text, stitched together but unprocessed. The sharper image shows a stitched and processed page after applying modern imaging technologies. Images were taken by Roger Easton, from Rochester Institute of Technology, and Keith Knox, from Boeing LTS, using a Sensys scientific digital camera and an infrared filter.

About the Author

Chakra.org
is a Vaisnava website designed to encourage the growth of devotion, foster critical thinking, and promote communication among Vaisnavas world-wide. Although differences of opinion will occur, we aim to provide a forum for mutual respect among the multiple strands of our community.

US Auctions Australian Auctions Austrian Auctions Belgian Auctions Canadian Auctions French Auctions German Auctions Irish Auctions Italian Auctions Dutch Auctions Spanish Auctions Swiss Auctions GB Auctions

Best Match Items Ending First Newly-Listed Items First Price + Shipping: Lowest First Price + Shipping: Highest First

100 Real Black Leather Thread Cord For Necklace Bracelet you choose size color $16.99 Time Remaining: 26d 19h 1m Buy It Now for only: $16.99

120 03mm Meters NYLON THREAD PLAIN WHITE BEADING STRING cord a $3.99 Time Remaining: 39m

200Y Red Bead Cord Thread Line Fit Necklace 05MM $4.29 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 50m

120 03mm Meters NYLON THREAD PLAIN WHITE BEADING STRING cord a $3.99 Time Remaining: 50m

10 Meters x 08mm Waxed Cotton Cord Beading Thread 16 colours $1.20 Time Remaining: 28d 16h 14m Buy It Now for only: $1.20

1 roll 100m nylon cord String Thread strong for craft DIY 07mm $3.50 Time Remaining: 40m

120 03mm Meters NYLON THREAD PLAIN WHITE BEADING STRING cord a $3.99 Time Remaining: 1h 3m

Jewelry Making Cord Thread 50pcs Mixed ribbon voile Necklace Cord 18 SH01 $5.55 (9 Bids) Time Remaining: 1h 38m

10 Strands Waxed Cotton Cord String Thread X 328 Feets $4.59 Time Remaining: 5d 19h 13m Buy It Now for only: $4.59

Jewelry Making 20PCS Cord Thread real leather Mixed Necklace Cord 46cm PHS $3.25 (7 Bids) Time Remaining: 1h 27m

Jewelry Making Cord Thread 50pcs Black ribbon voile necklace cord 18 SH02H $4.82 (13 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 22m

Jewelry Making Cord Thread 50pcs Pink ribbon voile necklace cord 18 SH03 $2.25 (6 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 42m

05mm White Elastic Cord Wire Thread String DIY Jewelry Finding 1 roll $3.50 Time Remaining: 13d 6h 25m Buy It Now for only: $3.50

Mix Lot 05mm Elastic Beads Cord Stretchy Thread 10PCS Findings $12.85 Time Remaining: 1h 37m

White Stretch Elastic Bead Cord Thread String 80m SH001 $2.99 Time Remaining: 1h 55m

10 Strands Waxed Polyester Cord String Thread X328 feets10 meters $4.99 Time Remaining: 26d 22h 19m Buy It Now for only: $4.99

Multicolor 05mm Elastic Beads Cord Stretchy Thread 10pcs $12.85 Time Remaining: 1h 32m

Lots 20Article Silver thread necklace cord 175 001S $0.99 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 2h 37m

2 Roll Elastic Beading Cord Wire String Thread AZ101 $6.99 Time Remaining: 3h 55m

50 Meters Waxed Polyester Cord String Thread Black 1mm $3.99 Time Remaining: 22h Buy It Now for only: $3.99

5m New Black Rubber Cord Thread Wire Findings For Bracelet Necklace 3x3mm TC0079 $0.99 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 1h 12m

Party Jewelry Making 20pcs Mixed ribbon Weave Thread necklace cord 18 S HS20 $2.04 (4 Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 45m

2 Stretch Elastic Beading Cord Wire String Thread AZ103 $7.99 Time Remaining: 5h 39m

05mm Chinese Knot Beading Cord Thread 125m 137 yd Roll $5.65 Time Remaining: 2d 7h 14m Buy It Now for only: $5.65

10Pcs Mixed Color Crystal Elastic String Cord Thread Craft 130072 $6.98 Time Remaining: 4h 30m

1X White 05MM Elastic Stretchy String Cord Thread 80 yard for Jewelry Making $0.99 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 4h 5m

15Color 1 Or Mixed Charm Mobile Phone Dangle Strap String Thread Cord 50Pc R302 $1.35 Time Remaining: 7d 23h 10m Buy It Now for only: $1.35

120 03mm Meters NYLON THREAD PLAIN WHITE BEADING STRING cord a $3.99 Time Remaining: 4h 31m

120 03mm Meters NYLON THREAD PLAIN WHITE BEADING STRING cord a $3.99 Time Remaining: 4h 38m

1 roll 100m nylon cord string thread strong for craft DIY 035mm $3.50 Time Remaining: 3h 4m

Roll Elastic Stretch Cord Thread Spool For Bracelet Necklace Jewelry Making 12m $2.49 Time Remaining: 24d 13h 18m Buy It Now for only: $2.49

Hemp Cord Craft Jewelry making thread beads crafts new natural charms shells $0.99 Time Remaining: 15h 30m Buy It Now for only: $3.00

1 roll 100m nylon cord string thread strong for craft DIY 06mm $3.50 Time Remaining: 3h 18m

100pcs braided korean silk thread silk cord bracelets $5.50 (13 Bids) Time Remaining: 16h 47m

40m Black Nylon Rattail Chinese Knot Cord Thread 1mm HOT $2.99 Time Remaining: 16d 1h 57m Buy It Now for only: $2.99

1 roll 100m nylon cord string thread strong for craft DIY 045mm $3.50 Time Remaining: 2h 5m

120 03mm Meters NYLON THREAD PLAIN WHITE BEADING STRING cord a $3.99 Time Remaining: 6h 39m

1mm Premium Nylon Macrame Cord Thread Rattail For Shamballa Braided Bracelet $3.24 Time Remaining: 15d 7h 24m Buy It Now for only: $3.24

120 03mm Meters NYLON THREAD PLAIN WHITE BEADING STRING cord a $3.99 Time Remaining: 6h 45m

10pcs 15x15 Black Rubber Cord Wire Thread Necklace Lobster Clasp 500mm TC0012 $0.99 (1 Bid) Time Remaining: 3h 32m

80 Meters Elastic Beading Monofilament String Thread Cord $0.99 Time Remaining: 4h 25m

27m 1mm Premium Nylon Macrame Cord Thread Rattail Shamballa Braided Bracelet $2.78 Time Remaining: 27d 12h 14m Buy It Now for only: $2.78

White Bead Cord Thread Line Fit Necklace 05MM 200Y $4.29 Time Remaining: 7h 11m

120 03mm Meters NYLON THREAD PLAIN WHITE BEADING STRING cord a $3.99 Time Remaining: 8h 7m

100pcs braided korean silk thread silk cord bracelets $4.65 (8 Bids) Time Remaining: 2d 4h 53m

Black Braided Leather Necklace Cord Thread 3mm 9 Metres CHIC $3.59 Time Remaining: 13d 22h 53m Buy It Now for only: $3.59

Fashion Useful 5PCS Roll White Elastic Beading Cord Wire Thread Jewelry $4.20 Time Remaining: 7h 44m

1 roll 100m nylon cord string thread strong for craft DIY 05mm $3.50 Time Remaining: 4h 16m

	Singer Inspiration 4228 Sewing Machine List Price: $287.11 Sale Price: $210.11 You save: $77.00 (27%)
	Description The Inspiration from SINGER.Simply the easiest. From idea to I'm done has never been easier.The Inspiration from SINGER is simply the easiest. Designed by sewers for sewers, Inspiration makes it unbelievably effortless to bring your best ideas to life...

	Beadalon Poly Sparkle Thread 1mm Black, 15-Meter Sale Price: $6.65
	Description Poly Sparkle Thread is perfect for adding some sparkle to your stringing projects! Use it with other stringing materials or by itself. Use the Beadalon Collapsible Eye Needle with this material.

	Black & Decker AF-100-3ZP 30-Feet 0.065-Inch Line String Trimmer Replacement Spool, 3-Pack List Price: $27.05 Sale Price: $11.50 You save: $15.55 (57%)
	Description The Black & Decker AF-100-3ZP String Trimmer Replacement Spool 3-pack erases the tedious work of hand-winding spools. Designed for use with Black & Decker auto feed string trimmers, the 30-foot factory-wound replacement spools feature a ...

	Black & Decker RS-136 String Trimmer Replacement Spool List Price: $14.99 Sale Price: $6.01 You save: $8.98 (60%)
	Description The Black & Decker String Trimmer Replacement Spool eliminates the tediousness of hand-winding most bump feed string trimmers. The 20-foot replacement spool is factory wound for optimum performance and includes a ...

	Grass Gator 8010 Load n' Cut Replacement String Trimmer Head List Price: $18.99 Sale Price: $9.49 You save: $9.50 (50%)
	Description Replacement trimmer head will fit 99% of all gas trimmers including: Ryobi, John Deere, Echo, Stihl, Homelite, Bolens, Weed Eater, Craftsman, Toro, Cub Cadet, Troy Bilt, and Poulan. Easy to install, no tools required...

	Go Create! Friendship Bracelets List Price: $9.99

	Mega Glass Bead Jewelry Making Kit List Price: $10.00
	Description All the kits are little different, no two kits are exactly alike. Each kit is hand assembled and hand packed. This kit is in yellow tote with black plastic handle and snap closures contains three 1-cell boxes, two 5-cell vertical boxes, two 5-cell horizontal boxes, and three 10-cell boxes...

	Brazilian Hair Extension Elastic Cord Clear 25yards
	Description Elastic cord used for brazilian system of hair extensions.

	Brazilian Hair Extension Elastic Cord Blond 25yards
	Description Elastic cord used for brazilian system of hair extensions.

	Happy Birthday Threads Card
	Description 5 x 7 inch premium quality folded paper greeting card. Crafts cards for the whole family are available at Greeting Card Universe. A picture is worth a thousand words, so why not send a photo Crafts card this year? Look no further than Greeting Card Universe for your Crafts card needs...

By A Thread $11.49 By A Thread

Thread $10.49 Thread

Thread Cutter $5.09 A lanyard thread cutter with a thoroughly modern design! Soft, plastic material guards an internal rotary blade. Cutter has 7 notches which cut threads or yarn. Great grey and purple coloring. Includes purple lanyard cord.

The World Market for Textile-Covered Rubber Thread and Cord $325 This report was created for strategic planners, international executives and import/export managers who are concerned with the market for special products of textile materials. With the globalization of this market, managers can no longer be contented with a local view. Nor can managers be contented with out-of-date statistics that appear several years after the fact. I have developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for special products of textile materials for those countries serving the world market via exports or supplying from various countries via imports. I do so for the current year based on a variety of key historical indicators and econometric models.

The World Market for Vulcanized Rubber Thread and Cord $325 This report was created for strategic planners, international executives and import/export managers who are concerned with the market for tubes, pipes, and hoses of unhardened vulcanized rubber that have been reinforced or combined with materials other than metal or textiles excluding fittings. With the globalization of this market, managers can no longer be contented with a local view. Nor can managers be contented with out-of-date statistics that appear several years after the fact. I have developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for tubes, pipes, and hoses of unhardened vulcanized rubber that have been reinforced or combined with materials other than metal or textiles excluding fittings for those countries serving the world market via exports or supplying from various countries via imports. I do so for the current year based on a variety of key historical indicators and econometric models.

Greek Black Leather Cord $29.44 Flexible and long lasting, this leather cord has been a traditional beading medium for hundreds of years, and is perfect for any of your projects. Designed to outwear thread many times over, the cord is an ideal choice for all of your craft needs.

Machine Knit an I cord

Tags: Beads, cord, iso cord thread, mondor's cord thread, silk cord thread, supplier, supplies, thread

This entry was posted on Monday, May 18th, 2009 at 9:14 pm and is filed under Cord, Thread & Wire. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.