Crystal Glass
Crystal Glass
A Brief History of Baccarat Crystal
The term crystal, as applied to glass, dates back to the early 1300s in Murano Italy. Glass cutters there developed intricate glass cutting techniques which often gave the glass a "crystalline" shape, resembling a cut gemstone. When pertaining to cut glass, the term "crystal" is a misnomer. Glass is technically classified as an amorphous, inorganic solid that lacks a true crystalline structure.
The art and science of cutting glass continued to progress over the next few centuries, as various technological improvements enabled the glass cuts to become more intricate. In the 1700s, lead oxide was introduced into the smelting of glass which made the glass more workable and boosted its index of refraction, creating a more brilliant product. This effect was heightened when the glass was cut into facets at different angles, causing light to split into its constituent wavelengths, creating rainbows of colors that closely resemble a "crystalline" material. So as a matter of tradition as well as marketing, the term "crystal" has been retained by glass makers such as Waterford and Baccarat.
Baccarat Glass dates back to 1765 when the Bishop of Metz wanted to stimulate commerce in the little village of Baccarat, some 250 East of Paris. The Verrerie de Sainte Anne at Baccarat was created. It successfully manufactured all kinds of utility glassware and prospered for many years, surviving even the French Revolution and the Napoleonic wars.
In 1815, during the aftermath of the Napoleonic War, the French border reverted to its 1790 boundary line. The great French glassworks at Voneche in Northern France found itself outside the new French frontier in the newly created country of Belgium. The owner of Voneche, a Parisian named Aime-Gabriel D'Artigues, bought the Baccarat glassworks so that he could re-establish his business in France and continue to serve French customers without paying heavy import taxes. There is a story that he struck a deal with the King of France to reduce his import taxes from Voneche in return for setting up again in France.
The new company, Voneche-Baccarat, focused on high quality lead-crystal glass and over the past 180 years Baccarat has developed many new techniques in making the finest crystal glass. In 1822 D'Artigues sold the glassworks and the new owners set up the Compagnie des Cristalleries de Baccarat (keeping Voneche as part of the name until 1843). It soon became and remains today, the foremost glassworks in France. The company won medals at major exhibitions in Paris from 1823 onwards.
Baccarat is famous for its wonderful paperweights, its superb crystal glass tableware, for 19th century colored lead crystal glass and opaline ware, for beautiful decanters and bottles, and for superb lead crystal sculptures of animals and birds. The Bohemian/Venician technique of embedding millefiori canes (multi-colored glass mixtures) was taken over by Baccarat in the 1840s and their lead crystal glass paperweights with millefiori designs surpass anything produced in that period from Bohemia or Venice.
The technique of embedding cameo sulphides in paperweights was raised to a fine art by Baccarat in the early 19th century, and continues to be used today. The sulphides give the glass a distinctive rose colored tint. This technique creates eye catching results; as many people have never seen glass reflect light in such a way.
The town of Baccarat is clearly proud of its famous glasswork heritage, and its glass industry not only brings in tourists, but is the cornerstone of the local economy. Moreover, the Baccarat company is renown for creating great working conditions for its employees. All things considered, Baccarat Crystal lives up to its legend.
About the Author
This article was written by Dwayne Cassidy. Dwayne was shopping online for
Baccarat Crystal
when he became curious about the history of Baccarat and
Waterford Crystal
. Dwayne has researched the subject of European glass makers extensively and hopes others might share this interest. The YellowDoor.Com is a great place to whet your appetite for fine deals on the best glassware.
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Crystale Crystal Glass Cross Stretch Bracelet $18.49 Crafted of silverplated tin, this stretch bracelet is adorned with beaded crystals and faux pearls. A highly polished finish completes the look of this Swarovski bracelet. |
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Crystal Glass Hanging Ornament (India) $10.29 Created by skilled artisans in India, this uniquely modern ornament reflects the spirit of the season. With a brass hook for hanging, this handcrafted red and crystal glass ornament is a perfect complement to your holiday seasonal decor. |
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Crystale Silver Crystal and White Faux Pearl Heart Stretch Bracelet $14.19 This beautiful bracelet offers an easy slip-on style. With clear crystals and white faux pearls accented by a heart dangle, this piece of jewelry is crafted with sterling silver and stretchy elastic. |
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Crystale Silverplated Pink Crystal/ Faux Pearl Heart Stretch Bracelet $11.39 This beautiful bracelet offers an easy slip-on style. With pink faux pearls, crystals and a heart dangle, this piece of jewelry is crafted with silverplated tin and stretchy elastic. |
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Shiny Multicolor Crystal Weave Tube Magnetic Bracelet (Philippines) $20.69 Sparkle in this bracelet that features crystals and glass beads in a bunch of colors. This bracelet was handmade in the Philippines by artisan sisters, Evoynne and Sheila. |
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Shiny Silver Crystal Weave Tube Magnetic Bracelet (Philippines) $19.99 Sparkle in this bracelet that features silver crystals and glass beads. This bracelet was handmade in the Philippines by artisan sisters, Evoynne and Sheila. |
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Spectrum Pink Crystal Opal Stained Glass $15.25 Thin wisps of colors on translucent Crystal Opal glass creates a stunning watercolor-like effect. Good for both stained glass and fusing, it is fully compatible with all 96 COE glass. For UPS shipping 24 x 24 glass is cut to two 12 x 24 pieces. |
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Spectrum Red Crystal Opal Stained Glass $12.75 Thin wisps of colors on translucent Crystal Opal glass creates a stunning watercolor-like effect. Good for both stained glass and fusing, it is fully compatible with all 96 COE glass. For UPS shipping 24 x 24 glass is cut to two 12 x 24 pieces. |
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Spectrum Crystal Opal Krinkle Stained Glass $7.15 Spectrum Crystal Opals offer a high degree of opacity, so that light cannot easily pass through. Its crinkled textured surface add interest to the glass. |
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Spectrum Crystal Clear Double Thick Stained Glass $9.95 System 96 Double Thick Crystal Clear glass is 5mm in thickness and provides the perfect base for projects that would otherwise call for 2 layers of normal-thickness fusible glass. Bubble hassles are totally eliminated, cutting time is reduced and project prep time is accelerated. Crystal Clear glass remains amazingly transparent even when fused in multi-layer stacks. For UPS shipping 24 x 24 glass is cut to two 12 x 24 pieces. |
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Bullseye Tekta Crystal Clear 3mm Stained Glass $14.25 For Crystal Clarity Count on Tekta Bullseye and 39;s Tekta glass is the ultimate clear sheet glass for kilnforming. It and 39;s easy-to-work-with, uniform, flat and affordable. Each sheet has four trimmed edges, and is an ideal base or cap glass. Tekta is manufactured on a production line at the Bullseye Glass Co. factory in Portland, Oregon, where the production is carefully monitored to insure that the glass is formed, tested, and packaged to the highest possible standards. |
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Bullseye Tekta Crystal Clear 6mm Stained Glass $28.45 For Crystal Clarity Count on Tekta Bullseye and 39;s Tekta glass is the ultimate clear sheet glass for kilnforming. It and 39;s easy-to-work-with, uniform, flat and affordable. Each sheet has four trimmed edges, and is an ideal base or cap glass. Tekta is manufactured on a production line at the Bullseye Glass Co. factory in Portland, Oregon, where the production is carefully monitored to insure that the glass is formed, tested, and packaged to the highest possible standards. |
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Bullseye Crystal Clear Double Rolled Stained Glass $10.65 Use for fusing and stained glass. For high-quality kiln work, the flatter double-rolled glass minimizes bubble entrapment. Standard thickness is 3mm. 90 COE. Formulated to be non-reactive to metal inclusions, this glass is ideal for layering over silver, copper and brass. Crystal Clear also provides exceptional clarity, with no tint to alter or effect the hue of your color palette. Use this glass when keeping colors true is essential. |
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Bullseye Stained Glass Crystal Clear 6mm $325.55 Use for fusing and stained glass. For high-quality kiln work, the flatter double-rolled glass minimizes bubble entrapment. This double-rolled 90 COE glass is 6mm thick. Formulated to be non-reactive to metal inclusions, this glass is ideal for layering over silver, copper and brass. Crystal Clear also provides exceptional clarity, with no tint to alter or effect the hue of your color palette. Use this glass when keeping colors true is essential. Special order glass is available in SHEET SIZE ONLY. For UPS delivery the sheet will be cut as two pieces, approximately 20 x 16 each. |
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Bullseye Crystal Clear Single Rolled Stained Glass $89.55 Single-rolled Bullseye Cathedral stained glass is smooth on one side. They provide a lively sparkle while obscuring the background view. 90 COE. Formulated to be non-reactive to metal inclusions, this glass is ideal for layering over silver, copper and brass. Crystal Clear also provides exceptional clarity, with no tint to alter or effect the hue of your color palette. Use this glass when keeping colors true is essential. Special order glass is available in SHEET SIZE ONLY. For UPS delivery the sheet will be cut as two pieces, approximately 20 x 16 each. |
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Bullseye Crystal Clear Thin Stained Glass $12.65 For delicate kiln work and precise additions to layered works and jewelry, choose Bullseye and 39;s thin sheets, which measure 1.6mm thick. Crystal Clear glass is formulated to be colorless which provides exceptional clarity, with no tint to alter or effect the hue of your color palette. Use this glass when keeping colors true is essential. |
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Spectrum Aqua, Cobalt Blue Crystal Opal Stained Glass $8.95 Thin wisps of colors on translucent Crystal Opal glass creates a stunning watercolor-like effect. Good for both stained glass and fusing, it is fully compatible with all 96 COE glass. For UPS shipping 24 x 24 glass is cut to two 12 x 24 pieces. |
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Spectrum Pink, Aqua Blue Crystal Opal Stained Glass $15.25 Thin wisps of colors on translucent Crystal Opal glass creates a stunning watercolor-like effect. Good for both stained glass and fusing, it is fully compatible with all 96 COE glass. For UPS shipping 24 x 24 glass is cut to two 12 x 24 pieces. |
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Spectrum Crystal Clear Stained Glass $9.95 System 96 glasses retain crisp lines throughout the firing process. It is extremely easy to cut, giving you greater freedom when choosing a design. You can make perfect, long thin strips and easy circles without grinding or grozing. 96 products undergo 3 rigorous test firings. Each firing result is measured for color-shift, opacification, devitrification and C.O.E. change. For UPS shipping 24 x 24 glass is cut to two 12 x 24 pieces. |
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Spectrum Crystal Clear Thin Stained Glass $12.75 This sparkling glass will retain its clarity even in multi-layer stacks, making it an ideal glass for capping other colors. Thin glass is excellent for layering and jewelry making. 96 COE. S96 stock number 100SFL-XTL. For UPS shipping 24 x 24 glass is cut to two 12 x 24 pieces. |
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Spectrum Crystal Clear Ice Iridized Stained Glass $7.15 Clear textured glass, sometimes called architectural glass, can add incredible depth and beauty to your home. Textures, ranging from subtle to dramatic, add privacy, movement, and create ambiance in designs like nothing else. Most commonly used in cabinets and entryways, clear textures can be used to add dazzling appeal to panels, sun catchers and more. Use alone or in combination with other textures and colors to create a stunning piece of glass art. The iridized glass gives off a rainbow of colors. Great for accents or backgrounds. |
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